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Submitted: 2020-02-10
DOI: 10.35119/myjo.v2i3.114
Original Articles
Published: 2020-09-29

Small-gauge vitrectomy for advanced diabetic eye disease: outcomes and predictive factors for poor postoperative vision

PPUKM
diabetes mellitus diabetic retinopathy tractional retinal detachment vitrectomy vitreous haemorrhage

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the anatomical and visual outcomes of small-gauge vitrectomy in patients with advance diabetic eye diseases (ADED) and the predictive factors for poor visual outcome.

Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted from 2009 to 2014. Data at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months post-surgery were collected along with baseline demographic data, indications of surgery, systemic associations, visual and anatomical outcome, and postoperative complications. Poor visual outcome
was defined as visual acuity worse than 6/36.

Results: A total of 158 eyes from 133 patients were recruited. Mean age was 54.01 ± 11.57 years and mean follow-up was 9.9 ± 3.7 months. Indications for vitrectomy were vitreous haemorrhage (VH, 77 eyes [48.7%]), tractional retinal detachment (TRD) with macular involvement (75 eyes [47.5%]), and other causes in 6 eyes (3.8%). There was visual improvement in 59.3% of patients, 23.6% worsened, and 17.1% stabilized at 12 months post-surgery. Patients with VH (75.4%) showed significant improvement compared to patients with TRD (48.3%). Successful anatomical outcomes were achieved in VH (98.2%) and TRD (96.7%). However, patients with TRD were found to have a 2.4-fold higher risk of having poor visual outcomes.

Conclusion: Small-gauge vitrectomy for ADED resulted in excellent visual and anatomical outcomes. Eyes with TRD were at a higher risk of developing poor visual outcomes.