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Submitted: 2022-12-08
DOI: 10.35119/myjo.v7i1.369
Case Reports
Published: 2025-01-30

A rare presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus in a paediatric patient: a case report

Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ministry of Health, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ministry of Health, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
central retinal artery occlusion central retinal vein occlusion paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the prototype of a multisystem autoimmune disease. We report a rare case of severe vaso-occlusive retinopathy as the first presenting feature of SLE in a child.

Case presentation: An 11-year-old girl presented with sudden blurred vision in the right eye for 1 day. Visual acuity in the right eye was counting fingers. The patient was diagnosed with combined central retinal artery and vein occlusion in the right eye. Fundus examination of the left eye was normal. On day 2, vision in the right eye deteriorated to no light perception and the left eye’s fundus developed Roth spots. Laboratory findings suggested SLE. The patient was comanaged by a multidisciplinary team consisting of paediatrics, rheumatology, and ophthalmology.

Conclusion: We highlight the significance of early detection and multidisciplinary approach in the management of this patient to protect the fellow eye and for systemic control of inflammation.