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Submitted: 2022-12-01
DOI: 10.35119/myjo.v5i1.367
Original Articles
Published: 2024-02-13

Ten-year review of traumatic hyphaema cases in a tertiary hospital in the east coast of Malaysia

Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia; University Malaya Eye Research Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
University Malaya Eye Research Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
east coast Malaysia ocular blunt injury ophthalmic trauma traumatic hyphaema

Abstract

Purpose: Traumatic hyphaema is a common sequela following blunt trauma. The aim of this study was to analyse the demographics, complications, and visual outcome of patients presenting with traumatic hyphaema at a tertiary hospital in the East Coast of Malaysia.

Methods: Retrospective study based on medical records from 2011 to 2021.

Results: A total of 41 eyes from 41 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 22.2 years (± 15.1 SD), with 39.1% within 25–59-years of age. The incidence was higher among males (90.2%). Sports and recreational activities were the most common causes (61.0 %), followed by occupational (12.2%) and domestic causes (12.2%). More than half the patients sought treatment within 24 hours of injury (56.1%). The majority of patients presented with grade 1 hyphaema (68.3%), while 2.4% came with severe hyphaema (grade 4). Re-bleeding was noted in 2 patients, both were below 12 years old, on day three and day eleven respectively. Six patients (14.6%) had presenting intraocular pressure IOP > 30 mmHg. Mean presenting visual acuity was 6/36 (± 0.89 SD) and mean visual acuity post-treatment was 6/7.5 (± 0.15 SD). There was a significant difference between mean presenting visual acuity and visual outcome (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Despite serving mainly a rural population, sports and recreational activities remained the most common cause of traumatic hyphaema in this centre. Raising public awareness for protective eyewear should be advocated in this population.